BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax

BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax

Introduced in 2018, the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax is designed to transform vacant homes into housing for residents and to ensure equitable contributions to B.C.’s tax system from foreign owners and those with primarily foreign income. This annual tax is determined by how property owners utilize their residential properties, their residency status, and where they earn and report their income. The revenue generated from this tax is directed towards supporting affordable housing in the applicable areas.

All registered owners of residential property in a designated taxable area must complete a declaration each year to declare their residency status and how their property has been used, unless a special circumstance applies. You have to declare each year because your circumstances may change during the year.

Your declaration is due on March 31 of each year.

If you do not complete a declaration, you will need to pay the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax  on your property’s assessed value.

Exemption from the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax.

Individuals who own residential property in specified taxable regions of British Columbia may qualify for an exemption from the BC speculation and vacancy tax.

In most cases, owners are exempt from the speculation and vacancy tax if the residential property serves as their principal residence. Individuals with multiple homes can only apply the principal residence exemption to the home where they reside for the longest duration within the calendar year. spouses cannot claim two different principal residence exemptions unless specific situations apply, such as spouses living apart due to work or medical reasons, or as a result of recent separation or divorce.

Other exemptions (check the details Exemptions for individuals for the speculation and vacancy tax):

  • Previous principal residence
  • Occupied by a tenant
  • Cannot live in the residence because it’s uninhabitable
  • Secondary residence close to medical treatment facility
  • Just bought or inherited the property
  • Separation or divorce
  • Bankruptcy
  • Recent death of owner
  • Property is in a trust created for a minor by a will
  • Property is in a trust for the benefit of a charity
  • Property is a strata hotel
  • Property includes a licensed child daycare
  • Property is only accessible by water
  • Other exclusions from the tax

BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax Rate

The tax rate applied to the property value varies based on the tax status of the property owner. If the property is owned by an individual or family with ‘satellite’ tax status—meaning their primary income source (over 50%) is from outside of Canada and they are not subject to Canadian income tax—the applicable tax rate is 2% of the home’s assessed value in that year. For Canadian citizens and permanent residents who do not fall into this special tax category, the rate is 0.5% of the home’s assessed value in that year.

This tax is also different from Vancouver’s Empty Homes Tax and the Government of Canada’s Underused Housing Tax.

The rules for each tax and how they apply are not the same.

Taxable regions for the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax

  • Municipalities in the Metro Vancouver Regional District, including the University Endowment Lands
    • Anmore
    • Belcarra
    • Burnaby
    • Coquitlam
    • Delta
    • Langley City
    • Langley Township
    • Maple Ridge
    • New Westminster
    • North Vancouver City
    • North Vancouver District
    • Pitt Meadows
    • Port Coquitlam
    • Port Moody
    • Richmond
    • Surrey
    • Tsawwassen First Nation
    • Vancouver
    • West Vancouver
    • White Rock
  • District of Squamish
  • Lions Bay
  • City of Abbotsford
  • District of Mission
  • City of Chilliwack
  • City of Kelowna
  • City of West Kelowna
  • Municipalities in the Capital Regional District
    • Central Saanich
    • Colwood
    • Esquimalt
    • Highlands
    • Langford
    • Metchosin
    • North Saanich
    • Oak Bay
    • Saanich
    • Sidney
    • Sooke
    • Victoria
    • View Royal
  • City of Nanaimo
  • District of Lantzville
  • Duncan
  • Ladysmith
  • Lake Cowichan
  • North Cowichan

Within these areas, any reserve lands, treaty lands, or self-government First Nations are exempt.

As of November 22, 2023, the Province expanded the speculation and vacancy tax to 13 new communities which will have to declare in 2025.

The speculation and vacancy tax will be applied to the following municipal boundaries to encourage the availability of more homes for those who work and live in these areas:

  • Vernon, Coldstream
  • Penticton, Summerland
  • Lake Country, Peachland
  • Courtenay, Comox, Cumberland
  • Parksville, Qualicum Beach
  • Salmon Arm
  • Kamloops

Residential property owners in these communities will be required to make their first declaration in January 2025, reflecting their property usage in 2024. This time frame allows owners in the newly designated areas the opportunity to determine how they can meet exemption requirements before the tax comes into effect. Exemptions encompass primary residences, properties with long-term tenants, and life events such as separation or divorce.

Quick Facts:

  • More than 99% of people living in B.C. are exempt from paying the tax.
  • An independent review released in 2022 found that the tax had helped deliver more than 20,000 homes in Metro Vancouver alone.
  • The speculation and vacancy tax was initially expanded to six new communities in 2022 for the 2023 tax year.
  • With the addition of these 13 communities, the tax will apply to a total of 59 communities.
  • Since 2018, more than $313 million was raised through the tax to go back into affordable housing in regional districts where the speculation and vacancy tax is applied.
  • During the same period, the B.C. government invested $3.9 billion in housing initiatives in the regional districts where the speculation-tax communities are located.

Learn more

Learn how the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax works.

Learn how the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax applies, such as how to declare and exemptions.

Read the BC Speculation and Vacancy Tax five-year review report.

Learn about the Homes for People plan.

Check our other blogs under Real Estate 101 – that might give you answers about buying or selling a home.

The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal advice; instead, all information, content, and materials available on this site are for general informational purposes only.